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The Frankfurt U-Bahn, together with the Rhine-Main S-Bahn and the Frankfurt Straßenbahn, forms the backbone of the public transport system of Frankfurt, Hesse, Germany. Its name derives from the German term for underground, ''Untergrundbahn''. Since 1996, the U-Bahn has been owned and operated by Verkehrsgesellschaft Frankfurt (VgF), the public transport company of Frankfurt, and is part of the Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund (RMV) transit association. The U-Bahn opened in 1968,〔 and has been expanded several times. It consists of three inner-city tunnels and above-ground lines in the suburbs. About 59% of the track length is underground. The above-ground sections operate at different standards from traditional rapid transit systems due to the independent expansion of at-grade rail for those sections – they are more like light rail (Stadtbahn) due to their not being fully grade-separated. The network consists of 86 stations on nine lines, with a total length of . Eight of the nine lines travel through the city center (line U9 being the exception). In 2012, the U-Bahn carried 117.3 million passengers,〔 an average of approximately 321,000 passengers per day. == History == Planning began in the 1950s to replace the overburdened streetcars with a more robust public transit system. The various local political parties put forward plans for a full U-Bahn, a streetcar system with an underground section downtown (i.e. a Stadtbahn), and an elevated railway, respectively. Eventually politics, in the form of the 1964 municipal election, resolved the issue in favor of the U-Bahn project that began as a light rail/Stadtbahn network using tunnels in Frankfurt's city core, but which in the future would be transformed into a fully rapid transit U-Bahn network. The U-Bahn opened on 4 October 1968, with the underground route from Hauptwache to Nordweststadt. Soon after the opening, there was criticism of the design of gradual network expansion because the separated by fencing aboveground sections and the adjacent tunnel ramps cut the affected neighborhoods. Moreover, soon showed that the tunnel ramps planned in the Eschersheimer Landstraße and the Friedberger Anlage, unlike originally remained no temporaries, but had to be operated for decades. Therefore, they went in the 1970s through to build the tunnel equal with their final planned length. Where a further construction was not possible until the planned end state, ended rail lines temporarily underground stations. 1974 was the second underground route from Theaterplatz to Konstablerwache in operation, which was extended in 1978 and 1980, the main train station to Bornheim. With the commissioning of the third main line of Bockenheim to the zoo in the autumn of 1986 the inner-city tunnel network was largely completed. The inauguration was accompanied by violent protests against the concept seemed free downtown. Unlike originally planned, the remaining tram lines were not shut down in the old town, but continue to operate and later even expanded. This was followed by many years, partly dogmatically guided local political disputes on the further expansion of the subway. After the local elections of 2005, the new black-green coalition in Romans stopped the construction-planning for the construction of the so-called DII-distance from Bockenheim to Ginnheim and told to build no further subway lines more. Since summer 2008, the route network is also expanded again. Since this time, the previously pure tunnel U4 operates from its former end point at the Seckbacher Landstraße in Frankfurt-Bornheim further to Enkheim, which uses existing tracks over the operation depot East. As being last enlargement was followed in December 2010, the commissioning of the U8 and U9 for Riedberg. Construction of the extension in 2011 adopted the U5 from the main station in the European Quarter is scheduled to begin in 2015 and last at least until of 2019. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Frankfurt U-Bahn」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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